Health campaigners have written to US regulators accusing Philip Morris International of misrepresenting past regulatory decisions, seeking to disrupt the launch of its flagship heated tobacco device IQOS in the US.
The world's biggest tobacco company by market value has spent billions of dollars developing the product, which investors see as key to driving future growth. But it needs permission from the US Food and Drug Administration to sell it in the world's second largest tobacco market by revenue.
Six anti-tobacco and health groups, including the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Lung Association, wrote to the FDA to oppose IQOS-related applications PMI has submitted to the agency.
"PMI has repeatedly made misleading and deceptive statements wrongly suggesting that the FDA has found that IQOS reduces the risk of disease," the letter, dated June 27 and reviewed by Reuters, said.
The campaign groups allege that PMI violated the FDA's orders by suggesting IQOS offered lower risks than cigarettes. Their letter cited four examples of such statements in the US, the Philippines, Mexico and Kazakhstan.
They also said in the letter that upcoming independent studies contradict PMI's findings about how many IQOS users completely switch to the device from cigarettes.
Presentations on the studies from the International Tobacco Control Project (ITC) at Canada's University of Waterloo are attached to the letter as exhibits.
They show the ITC found a far lower rate of IQOS users had quit smoking in Japan and Korea than estimates from PMI.
These factors "directly bear on whether PMI should be permitted to market IQOS" in the US, the campaigners' letter said.
Asked by Reuters to respond to the letter, a PMI spokesperson said the company was proud to discuss the FDA's conclusions on IQOS.
The spokesperson did not initially address each example but said some of the language flagged by campaigners was, in the company's view, compatible with the FDA's orders. On Tuesday, the spokesperson added that this was true all of the language cited in the campaigners' letter.
"Wherever we discuss our science and our products, we do so in accordance with all applicable laws," the spokesperson said.
Reuters could not determine whether the campaigners' letter would change the FDA's approach to IQOS. The agency said it had received the letter and would respond directly to the senders. It did not comment further.
Devices like IQOS heat up sticks of ground tobacco without burning them in an attempt to avoid the harmful chemicals released via combustion.
The FDA first authorised PMI to sell an older version of IQOS in 2019. It subsequently authorised the company to market it as offering reduced exposure to harmful chemicals versus cigarettes for smokers who completely switch - known as an "exposure modification order".
The FDA can also issue a "risk modification order", authorising a company to claim its product reduces the risk of tobacco-related harm and disease. But this is harder to prove, especially without long-term, epidemiological studies.
The FDA rejected PMI's previous application to say its older IQOS device results in reduced health risks, saying there wasn't sufficient evidence to support this.
PMI applied in 2023 to renew its existing exposure modification orders. Later that year, it also applied to sell and market a newer version of the IQOS device in the same way. The FDA has yet to decide on these applications.
Marketing the product as having health benefits compared to traditional cigarettes could help PMI persuade consumers to switch as well as afford it tax benefits versus cigarettes in some US states.
PMI is preparing to sell an older IQOS device in four US cities. However, it has said it will not pursue a full US launch until the newer version of its device gets FDA authorisation.
(Reuters)
