A silent practice is currently stalking the UK food and grocery sector, breaking the back of oblivious shoppers who are already struggling with higher energy bills and rising prices. The only thing about this practice is that it comes stealthily and goes unnoticed.
“Shrinkflation” or downsizing is a decades-old strategy, deployed most-often by food manufacturers and producers of consumer staples. As the global ramp-up in economic activity post-pandemic drives up food prices and transportation costs, reports of shrinkflation are on the rise, once again.
Prices of furniture, household necessities, electronics, and nearly all other consumer goods are set to rise this year in a perfect storm of shipping delays, supply chain disruptions and shifts in demand. Some companies, like Procter & Gamble, Nestle and most recently, Unilever, have warned upfront of an impending price rise in the coming months.
Fixing the leaks
When it comes to tackling rising input costs, most companies usually have three options. One, raising the price, knowing consumers will see it and grumble about it. Two, giving them a little bit less and accomplishing the same thing (watch out for how certain brands of coffee charge the same now for 200g instead of 227g). Three: value substitution, meaning the use of cheaper and inferior ingredients – a riskier move, especially in the food segment.
In 2018, a new tax on sugar led to shrinkage of Coca-Cola bottles, but shoppers accepted it anyhow in comparison to rival drinks manufacturer IrnBru that went the reformulation route and instead added an artificial sweetener, suffering a backlash against the decision.
But increasing the price brings its own set of shortcomings. If the price goes above a certain threshold – sometimes even a very small change– the change is noticed and consumers move to cheaper brands.
It is reducing the size of the offering while keeping the same price that seems the safest option.
Shrinkflation is the phenomenon of products being shrunk in size due to a price spike in resources. As prices inflate, many manufacturers often choose to downsize packaging and portion sizes while keeping the price and look of the packaging the same so that shoppers don’t notice any change.
After all, shoppers are more conscious of changes in prices than changes in weight.
It’s actually pretty sneaky when you think about it!
Like, in the case of crisp multipacks by various brands. One producer’s previous multipacks contained six salt and vinegar, six cheese and onion, six ready salted and six prawn cocktails but this has now been changed while the price remains the same, with the shoppers now charged £3.50 for 22 bags instead of 24, as per reports.
Examples abound of snacks of six packs being cut from eight but while still costing £1. Many manufacturers are left to tackle rising costs to resort to this strategy. Else they will lose customers.
Representative iStock image
The key to the curious case of shrinkflation lies not only in the rise in cost but also in certain peculiarities of human perception and some unsettling trends in business. Last Christmas, Cadbury reportedly shrank the size of its selection box Fudge bars by 12 per cent to help “tackle childhood obesity”, saying the product was “typically bought for children”. However, the brand soon was accused of indulging in shrinkflation under the garb of social consciousness as it did not reduce the price to match the reduced size.
When Kraft slashed the weight of Toblerone from 200g to175g a few years ago by changing their distinctive row of chocolate mountain peaks and making the gap wider, media and the public hit the roof. The bar was reverted to its original shape a few months later, but with a higher price.
Toilet paper companies often shred down the number of sheets per roll subtly, saying paper is supposedly now “so fluffy” that it couldn't fit in people's toilet paper holders without a reduction in length, consumer rights lawyer Edgar Dworsky told the BBC. His claim resonated with a revelation by consumer watchdog Which? that some brands of toilet paper have lost up to 14 per cent of the number of sheets per roll over two years, without any corresponding drop in price.
Nothing New Here
Shrinkflation isn't new. It has a long history that has led to smaller toilet paper rolls, candy bars and potato chip bags over the years.
According to the UK’s Office of National Statistics, more than 200 different consumer products from toilet roll to chocolate became smaller between September 2015 and June 2017.
Breads and cereals were the most likely to shrink over time, followed by personal care products and meat, as per the pattern seen in ONS data, which cited several high-profile examples, including Mars shrinking its Maltesers, M&Ms and Minstrels chocolates by up to 15 per cent while McVitie’s cut the number of Jaffa Cakes in a packet from 12 to 10.
Tropicana reportedly had also cut the size of its fruit juice cartons while Doritos shrank the weight of the tortilla chips in each packet –and both cited foreign exchange rates among the reasons.
Cereal boxes and crisp packs of same size as before, but only emerging half full over the years are not an unusual sight.
Shrinkflation 2021
With food prices touching sky high figures worldwide, financial experts opine that manufacturers once again are trying to protect their margins as they face rising input and transportation costs tied to the economic recovery post Brexit and pandemic.
Food prices worldwide were nearly 34 per cent higher in June this year compared to the same month in 2020, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
The cost of moving products has been soaring as well due to a combination of higher fuel prices and supply-chain backlogs. The cost of shipping a 40-foot container across the world has more than quadrupled since July last year, according to one UK shipping consulting firm.
The issue is biting Americans as well since their cereal boxes have reduced and ice creams have gone missing from their tubs as companies are offloading some of the higher costs onto clients and consumers.
Grocery prices in the UK rose by 1.7 per cent during the past four weeks compared to 2020, leaving the average shopper paying an extra £5.94, according to data from market insights firm Kantar.
Representative iStock image
Manufacturers are coping the rising cost in their own ways – some via higher prices and some stealthily by trimming product sizes.
The boss of Nestlé – which owns brands including KitKat and Nescafé, as well as pet foods Felix and Purina, recently admitted that the firm may have to cut the sizes of some of its products to help the business cope with increasing costs.
Unilever has also alluded to shrinkflation among cost-management tools when its CEO Alan Jope was reported to have revealed “smaller fill for the same price” as one of the five revenue-management tools to “land price”.
Convenience store owners also confirm the packs are shrinking at a high speed.
A few years ago, Terry’s Chocolate Orange reduced in size from 175gto 157g, reports said. Mars Bars aren’t quite what they used to be: originally 62.5 grams, the well-loved confectionery star has now shrunk to 51g after an interim period of weighing in at 57g – with Mars hopefully claiming it will also help to shrink the waistlines of consumers.
The Quality Street “tin” pack (now plastic) has reduced to almost half to 650g from 1200g it used to be back in 1998. Snack sharing bags are often sharing 20g lighter. Toilet tissues are almost 21 sheets fewer per roll over the years, as per reports.
In the age of social media, downsizing gets highlighted on Twitter and Reddit as well. Like, a UK-based Twitter user pointed out recently that medium milk bottles are supposed to be 2 pints but now some of the brands are downsizing them to 1 litre but still charging the same amount.
While these changes sometimes get noticed and irks consumers (a study earlier this year claims that nine in 10 Brits are furious over this tactic), the practice has its own upside as well.
Shrinkflation creates a scenario where firms as well as retailers gain since price competition gets reduced.
Representative iStock image
While high demand consumers end up buying more packs ensuring more footfalls and more sales for retailers, for low demand consumers, the amount in shrunk packs usually matches their actual need.
Plus, it is a good practice for health freaks as they automatically brings in portion control, especially with people who can’t control intake of indulgent goods like cookies or ice creams. So, the manufacturer here helps to control it by giving smaller packages. Seems like a win-win situation if you see it this way!
As Yael Zemack-Rugar, Associate Professor of Marketing at University of Central Florida, pointed out in a podcast recently, smaller packages are in a way “good things, a service to consumers”.
“There are no 100-calorie packs for carrots, but there are usually for Oreos. And why, because we know we can’t control our own consumption of these indulgent goods, cookies, ice cream. So, the manufacturer helps us control it by giving us a small package.
“We know once we open a package, it’s very hard for us to stop. And those little packages serve as a stopping point.
“And I think that’s one of the ways from a behavioral perspective that marketers can think about how to position smaller packages as a good thing, as a service to the consumer, as an improvement and innovation in their product,” Zemack-Rugar said in the podcast.
Smaller can be better
No matter how devilish it sounds, calling shrinkflation fraud or misrepresentation of facts will be an overstatement since weight, volume or quantity is always labelled on the packaging. It’s not illegal- it’s just sneaky.
Plus, this practice helps producers and in turn retailers to cope up with intense competition and thereby retain their customers. It also helps the manufacturers to maintain their profit levels even after spike in input costs.
Over the years, shrinkflation has become an established trend in Britain and world wise as producers try to tackle rising input cost and keep the sales afloat- both for themselves as well as for retailers and convenience store-owners. May be, we all are better off with smaller packages!
As industry leaders is cash handling, Volumatic has long supported the use of cash and the importance of maintaining access to cash for both consumers and businesses. The company recognises the importance of the new set of rules created by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) two months ago, to safeguard access to cash for businesses and consumers across the UK.
Since introduction, the new rules are intended to ensure that individuals and businesses who rely on cash can continue to access it and the outcome has already sparked the creation of 15 new banking hubs across the UK, including one in Scotland, with many more to follow.
These hubs provide shared spaces for consumers to access basic services, such as depositing and withdrawing cash, and are being embraced by businesses keen to support the use of cash, who have been struggling in recent years due to the flurry of bank closures across the UK.
With this in mind, Volumatic welcomes the increase in banking hubs and other facilities but recommends businesses go one step further to make things even easier.
“We have known for some time that more and more people are using cash again on a daily basis and so it’s great that access to cash is being protected by the FCA, something that we and others in the industry have been campaigning for, for a long time,” said Volumatic’s Sales & Marketing Director Mike Severs. “Both businesses and consumers need to have easy and local access to cash, and these new rules ensure cash usage continues to rise and will encourage more businesses to realise that cash is still an important and valid payment method.”
With time being of the essence for most businesses, making a journey to the nearest bank, banking hub or Post Office isn’t always possible on a daily basis, plus there is the obvious security risk to both the money and the individual taking it to consider.
Volumatic offers integration with the G4S CASH360 integration
Volumatic’s partnership with G4S, announced back in April 2024, means every business dealing in cash anywhere in the UK can have access to a fully managed solution. This will be especially relevant to those who currently have to walk or travel a distance to a bank or PO to deposit their cash.
Severs adds: “Although having more banking facilities is fantastic news, Volumatic can help businesses even more by bringing the bank to them through an investment in technology like the CCi that can offer integration with the G4S CASH360 solution. Together, we make daily cash processing faster, safer, and more secure and the combination of solutions will save businesses time and money for years to come, making it a truly worthwhile investment.“
Volumatic offers a range of cash handling solutions, with their most advanced device being the CounterCache intelligent (CCi). This all-in-one solution validates, counts and stores cash securely at POS, with UK banks currently processing over 2.5 million CCi pouches each year. When coupled with the upgraded CashView Enterprise cash management software and its suite of intelligent apps, the Volumatic CCi can offer a full end-to-end cash management solution – and now goes one step further.
It does this by providing web service integration with other third-party applications such as the CASH360 cash management system, provided by the foremost UK provider of cash security, G4S Cash Solutions (UK).
“Ultimately, only time will tell how successful the FCA’s new rules will prove. In the short amount of time the new legislation has been in place, the signs are already looking good, and coupled with the new technology we offer, it is a good thing for businesses and consumers alike in the ongoing fight for access to cash and more efficient cash processing,” concludes Severs.
Retail technology company Jisp has launched an NPD service as part of its new Direct to Retailer business unit.
The new NPD service will allow brands to launch or trial new products in a guaranteed number of convenience store locations, with on the ground review of execution by Jisp’s retail growth manager team, and performance data and insights deliverable through its scanning technology and back-office systems.
Brands will also be able to draw on retailer and consumer feedback on the product and its performance thanks to Jisp’s significant resource in user communication, with over 1,000 retailers and more than 100,000 registered shoppers.
Brands can set the parameters of the NPD activity delivered through Jisp’s new service, selecting the duration of the campaign, the number of stores to launch into and even the geographic spread or demographic make-up of the stores included.
Product merchandising and promotional execution in store is monitored by the Jisp RGM team and full reporting is available to help brands better understand the success of their new product and shape future promotional strategy.
This robust data and insight set means that Jisp can not only provide a reliable view of what is selling in stores, but through its scanning technology can also indicate who is buying the product, when, where and why.
Alex Rimmer
“As part of our recent strategic review and restructure, we identified five key pillars of growth, or business units through which to drive new business,” said Alex Rimmer, director of marketing & communication at Jisp.
“Our existing core business already provided us the means to develop new services efficiently and through discussions with major brands, retailers, wholesalers and industry authorities, we identified a need for guaranteed implementation and execution of NPD in the convenience sector.”
Compliance is further assured using Jisp’s Scan & Save scanning technology along with a retailer reward scheme which pays stores for their participation and commitment to the process.
With 1,000 stores already registered with Jisp, the company is in talks with other businesses about opening the new NPD service to their stores given the benefits of securing NPD and reward for execution.
“This is a Win-Win for the sector,” added Alex Rimmer. “Brands can create a bespoke NPD launch campaign with a guarantee that their product will be instore, on shelf and correctly merchandised and promoted, receiving actionable data and insight to shape future strategy. Retailers secure access to NPD, support in merchandising it and reward for taking part, while customers find more local touch points where NPD from their favourite brands are available.”
With this new service promising to be such a valuable asset to the market, retailers and brands are encouraged to contact Jisp to capitalise on the opportunities.
Tesco is slashing the price of more than 222 own-brand and branded products in its Express convenience stores.
Essentials including milk, bread, pasta and coffee are included in the lines which have been reduced in price by an average of more than 10 per cent at Tesco Express stores. The retail giant has made more than 2,800 price cuts across stores in recent months. With 2,048 of convenience stores at the end of the 2023-24 financial year, Tesco aims to benefit hundreds of thousands of customers from the cheaper deals.
The firm said the move comes in the wake of more than 2,800 price cuts made by the chain across its stores in recent months. From Wednesday, customers will pay £1.45 for a four-pint bottle of milk at their local Tesco Express store (down from £1.55) and a Tesco Toastie White Thick White Loaf is also 10p cheaper at 75p.
There are even bigger savings on Tesco Chicken Breast Portions (300g), which have dropped in price by 25p to just £2.25 and a 200g jar of Tesco Gold Instant Coffee now also costs 25p less at just £2.25. Among the branded products with price cuts are Warburtons White Sliced Sandwich Rolls, with the price of a six-pack cut by 10p to just £1.20 and Domestos Original Bleach 750ml, which is now just £1.19 in Express stores after an 11p price cut.
Tesco CEO Ken Murphy said, “Today’s round of price cuts on more than 200 lines in our Express stores underlines our commitment to offering great value to Tesco customers.
"Whether you are picking up coffee and milk for the office or a loaf of bread and a tin of soup on the way home, our Express stores offer both convenience and great value.”
This comes a week after One Stop, the convenience store chain owned by Tesco, has reported a surge in sales to nearly £1.3bn during its latest financial year. The Walsall-based company posted a revenue of £1.29bn for the 12 months to 24 February, 2024, an increase from the previous year's £1.17bn. Over the course of the year, the number of stores directly operated by One Stop increased from 712 to 733, while its franchised locations also grew from 291 to 317.
1. One in five people who have successfully quit smoking in England currently vape, with an estimated 2.2 million individuals using e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
2. The increase in vaping among ex-smokers is largely driven by the use of e-cigarettes in quit attempts, with a rise in vaping uptake among people who had previously quit smoking for many years before taking up vaping.
3. While vaping may be a less harmful option compared to smoking, there are concerns about the potential long-term implications of vaping on relapse risk and nicotine addiction. Further research is needed to assess the impact of vaping on smoking cessation outcomes.
ABOUT one in five people who have stopped smoking for more than a year in England currently vape, equivalent to 2.2 million people, according to a new study led by UCL researchers.
The study, published in the journal BMC Medicine and funded by Cancer Research UK, found that this increased prevalence was largely driven by greater use of e-cigarettes in attempts to quit smoking.
However, the researchers also found a rise in vaping uptake among people who had already stopped smoking, with an estimated one in 10 ex-smokers who vape having quit smoking prior to 2011, when e-cigarettes started to become popular. Some of those smokers had quit for many years before taking up vaping.
The study looked at survey data collected between October 2013 and May 2024 from 54,251 adults (18 and over) in England who reported they had stopped smoking or had tried to stop smoking.
“The general increase in vaping among ex-smokers is in line with what we might expect, given the increasing use of e-cigarettes in quit attempts. NHS guidance is that people should not rush to stop vaping after quitting smoking, but to reduce gradually to minimise the risk of relapse,” lead author Dr Sarah Jackson, of the UCL Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, said.
“Previous studies have shown that a substantial proportion of people who quit smoking with the support of an e-cigarette continue to vape for many months or years after their successful quit attempt.
“However, it is a concern to see an increase in vaping among people who had previously abstained from nicotine for many years. If people in this group might otherwise have relapsed to smoking, vaping is the much less harmful option, but if relapse would not have occurred, they are exposing themselves to more risk than not smoking or vaping.”
For the study, researchers used data from the Smoking Toolkit Study, an ongoing survey that interviews a different representative sample of adults in England each month.
The team found that one in 50 people in England who had quit smoking more than a year earlier reported vaping in 2013, rising steadily to one in 10 by the end of 2017. This figure remained stable for several years and then increased sharply from 2021, when disposable e-cigarettes became popular, reaching one in five in 2024 (estimated as 2.2 million people).
The researchers found, at the same time, an increase in the use of e-cigarettes in quit attempts. In 2013, e-cigarettes were used in 27 per cent of quit attempts, while in 2024 they were used in 41 per cent of them.
Senior author Professor Lion Shahab, of UCL Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, said: “The implications of these findings are currently unclear. Vaping long term may increase ex-smokers’ relapse risk due to its behavioural similarity to smoking and through maintaining (or reigniting) nicotine addiction. Alternatively, it might reduce the risk of relapse, allowing people to satisfy nicotine cravings through e-cigarettes instead of seeking out uniquely harmful cigarettes. Further longitudinal studies are needed to assess which of these options is more likely.”
Independent retailers association Bira has held a meeting with members of the Treasury team to discuss concerns following its robust response to the Government’s recent Budget announcement.
The Budget, labelled by Bira as "devastating" for independent retailers, was met with widespread indignation from Bira members.
Andrew Goodacre, CEO of Bira, said: “Thank you to all the members who have shared their thoughts on the impact of the budget. Based on this feedback, Bira has been robust in its response and judgement of the budget, especially where it is hurting the medium sized independents by as much as an extra cost of £200K per annum.
“We have also held a meeting with members of the Treasury team to discuss our concerns. Whilst there were no indications that any changes would be made, our concerns were listened to.
“We also discussed the proposed reform to business rates which is due to be in place for April 2026. It was clear from the meeting that Bira will be fully involved with this reform.”
Bira, representing over 6,000 independent retailers across the UK, earlier stated that the reduction in business rates relief from 75 per cent to 40 per cent (capped at £110k) from April 2025 will more than double costs for many retailers.
As a post-budget reaction, Goodacre said on Oct 30, "This is without doubt the worst Budget for independent retailers I have seen in my time representing the sector. The government's actions today show complete disregard for the thousands of hard-working shop owners who form the backbone of our high streets.
"Small retailers, who have already endured years of challenging trading conditions, now face a perfect storm of crippling cost increases. Their business rates will more than double as relief drops from 75 per cent to 40 per cent, while they're hit simultaneously with employer National Insurance rising to 15 per cent and a lower threshold of £5,000, down from £9,100. Add to this the minimum wage increase to £12.21, and many of our members are telling us they simply cannot survive this onslaught."